ROLE OF THE WHOLESALE AND RETAIL SEGMENT IN GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT IN DIFFERENT COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD

UDC 339.3, 330.554
DOI: 10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2023.02.03.010

Authors

Vuk D. Varagich,
Moscow Financial and Law University
Mariya V. Sokolova,
Nizhny Novgorod State University N.I. Lobachevsky

Abstract

The paper analyzes trade and financial flows, which are provided through exports and imports in various countries. It is shown through analysis, measured in units of GDP of the respective countries, that in a number of countries the trade segment plays the most important role, such as Germany and South Korea. Key partners for the leading countries of the world have been identified. Particular emphasis in the study is placed on Russia due to the presence of sanctions. A forecast of changes in key partners in the medium term for Russia is presented.

Keywords

open economy, sanctions, import substitution, export, import, foreign trade, gross domestic product.