UDC 338
DOI: 10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2024.12.25.014

Authors

Konstantin G. Abaev,
North Ossetian State University

Abstract

Small and medium-sized businesses contribute to economic growth, diversification and modernization of the economy. This has led to the high attention of the modern state to the supportive regulation of small and medium-sized businesses. Russia is no exception. Over the past decades, Russia has created a diversified mechanism for supporting small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs), including organizational and managerial, investment and financial and institutional components. In 2018, the National Project “Small and Medium-sized Entrepreneurship and Support for Individual Entrepreneurial Initiatives” (2018–2024) was adopted. During the implementation of the national project, SMEs gained access to preferential lending and leasing programs, microloans, young entrepreneurs were provided with grants, an umbrella guarantee mechanism was in place, and the volume of purchases from SMEs has increased significantly. Today, all the necessary formal institutions have been formed in Russia and a developed infrastructure for supporting SMEs has been created. At the same time, the share of SMEs in the gross national product has not risen above 20% for a number of years, which indicates insufficient profitability and efficiency of Russian entrepreneurship. There are also other serious problems — this is an insufficiently developed technological sector of SMEs, which is of particular importance, and sometimes critical, in the context of the digital transformation of the national economy. Based on a comparative analysis of monitoring of attitudes towards entrepreneurship (2009, 2024), the article attempts to substantiate the conclusion that behavioral factors in the period 2025– 2030 will act as a significant resource for the development of small and medium-sized businesses, especially in the youngest part of the working population of Russia. This conclusion is based on the hypothesis that any economic model is based on a certain model of a person, explaining his behavioral prerequisites when making decisions, as well as a theoretical justification for the significant role of informal institutions in the development of small business, namely, the attitude of the population towards entrepreneurship.

Keywords

small and medium-sized businesses, institutional regulation, informal institutions, public opinion