DOI: 10.26155 / VET.ZOO.BIO.201901014
UDC 636.087.72

Authors

V.V. PANKRATOV, N.M. CHERNOGRADSKAYA, M.F. GRIGORIEV
YAKUT STATE AGRICULTURAL ACADEMY
S.I. STEPANOVA, A.I. GRIGORIEV
NORTH-EASTERN FEDERAL UNIVERSITY

Abstract

The article presents the results of a study of the influence of local non-traditional feed additives on the productivity of cattle and pigs in the conditions of Yakutia. In order to analyze the influence of non-traditional feed additives on the productivity of farm animals, a series of scientific and economic experiments were organized. Fodders, feed residues, waste products, milk productivity of dairy cows when local non-traditional feed additives were included in the diet were studied. Scientific experiments were conducted on two groups of dairy cows of the Kholmogorsk breed, 10 animals each. Animals are selected on the basis of analogues taking into account live weight, age, daily milk yield and fat content of milk. An experimental group of animals additionally received 0,25 kg of protein-mineral feed supplement per day per 1 head. In the second series of experiments, a feed additive containing 1,2 kg of sapropel per head was tested. In the third series of experiments, heifers were given, in addition to the main ration, the zeolite hongurin of the Honguruu deposit in the winter-warm and summer periods. Studies to test the zeolite hongurin of the Khonguruu Suntar ulus deposit in the diet of weaned piglets were performed at the age of 4 months. Young animals in the daily diet were additionally given zeolite at the rate of 0,15 and 0,2 g / kg live weight of piglets. To control the physiological state at the beginning and end of the experiments from each group, blood was examined in three animals, and clinical indicators (body temperature, respiratory rate, heart rate) were measured. The feed studied was of average quality. Experimental animals satisfactorily digested the nutrients of the diet. Since the amount of feed was the same, except for feed additives, an increase in the digestibility of nutrients was due to their inclusion in the diet. A positive balance of nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus indicates the normalization of metabolic processes in animals. Biochemical blood parameters of experimental animals were within the physiological norm. Animals at the same time maintained a good appetite. Body temperature, pulse rate and respiration were within physiological norms. The addition of sapropel in the amount of 1,2 kg per head per day to the daily ration of dairy cows affected the digestibility of nutrients, increased milk productivity by 10,3–11,7% and milk fat content by 0,03–0,04%. Enrichment of the diet with zeolite in the summer increased milk productivity by 9,6–12,85%. The addition of Hongurin in the amount of 0,15 and 0,2 g per 1 kg of live weight of piglets increased by 8,3 and 11,4%, while reducing feed consumption by 6,3–7,7%. Studies have proven that proven feed additives increase productivity and also improve the quality of the products.

Keywords

cattle, feed supplement, animal husbandry, feeding, cattle breeding.