UDC 619:616 (47-12)
DOI: 10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202210007

Authors

Galina B. Murueva,
Zhargal N. Zhapov,
Buryat State Academy of Agriculture –V. R. Philippov, Ulan-Ude, Russia

Abstract

The article analyzes the epizootic situation in the Republic of Buryatia, considers veterinary problems associated with the special geographical status of the region, which is located in the southeast of the Russian Federation. The republic borders on Mongolia, the Trans-Baikal Territory, which has common borders with China. The intensification of international trade, tourism, interstate movement of various goods, animals, the deterioration of the epizootic situation in the world, the lack of anti-epizootic measures in the new economic conditions increase the risk of outbreaks of dangerous diseases.
The occurrence of anthrax was caused by insufficient accounting and lack of passportization of old burial sites, cattle burial grounds, grazing of unvaccinated cattle on unfavorable pastures, activation of soil anthrax outbreaks. Taking into account these and other risks of possible outbreaks of anthrax, epizootic well-being is maintained in the republic through preventive vaccination of susceptible animals.
The territorial proximity of adjacent territories epizootically unfavorable for rabies (Mongolia, the Trans-Baikal Territory), favorable environmental conditions for foxes (steppes and mountain slopes, the valley of the Selenga, Dzhida and their tributaries), the presence of a large number of susceptible animals, were the main components of the development of the epizootic process of rabies among foxes, whose attacks have caused cases of rabies among farm animals, in particular cattle.
Infectious nodular dermatitis of cattle had serious consequences for the agricultural sector of the Trans-Baikal Territory, the Republic of Buryatia, where livestock is mainly concentrated in personal subsidiary plots and is of great help in the economic and social life of the villagers. In this regard, it is necessary to expand monitoring of the disease in the Far Eastern and Siberian Federal Districts and adjacent regions.
The southeastern territories of the Russian Federation are defined as areas of risk for FMD. Carrying out specific prevention of foot-and-mouth disease makes it possible to contain the factors of the epizootic risk of foot-and-mouth disease in transboundary territories and in general in the Republic of Buryatia.

Keywords

infectious diseases, risks, south-east, Russian Federation.