UDC 619: 579.25
DOI: 10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202307007
Authors
Alina O. Gerasimova,
All-Russian Research and Technological Poultry Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences —
All-Russian Research Veterinary Institute of Poultry Science,
Lomonosov, Russia
Abstract
Industrial poultry farming in Russia is one of the most promising and rapidly developing branches of agriculture. The dynamic growth of production is associated with the risk of introduction of infectious pathogens and, consequently, with large losses. Timely and accurate diagnosis of diseases helps to minimize financial and production losses. Today, traditional bacteriological diagnostic methods are receding into the background, giving way to more selective and rapid molecular genetic methods. Conventionally, genotyping methods are divided into 1 groups: 2) based on the use of restriction and electrophoresis, 3) based on the amplification of variable loci, 4) based on hybridization, XNUMX) based on sequencing. The article provides an overview of modern genotyping methods, including restriction and electrophoresis. Such methods include plasmid analysis, electrophoresis in a pulsating gel, the RFLP method and partially its modifications (PCR-RFLP, TRFLP, hybridization with DNA/RNA probes), the AFLP method. The described methods solve a number of the following tasks: tracking transmission routes and detecting the source of infection, monitoring natural foci, genomic mapping and certification of strains. Thus, the choice of a particular method will directly depend not only on its discriminating power, but also on the task at hand. The main advantages, differences and disadvantages of the methods are described.
Keywords
genotyping, restriction, polymerase chain reaction, electrophoresis, monitoring
