UDC 579.62: 862.1
DOI: 10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202307008
Authors
Ilya Yu. Abashin,
Federal Scientific Center – All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental
Veterinary named after K. I. Skryabin and Ya. R. Kovalenko of
the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Abstract
The bacterial genome is of high interest for understanding the many mechanisms that occur inside bacteria, as well as during their interaction with the environment under the influence of many factors. The genome of each species retains a clear structure, i.e. remains conservative in most cases. The internal structure of genes may differ due to mutations, deletions, and insertions. Inserts of migrating DNA elements of various sizes, these structures introduce polymorphism into genes. Like any system, bacteria cannot exist in isolation and are forced to change under environmental conditions. Existing mechanisms of adaptation such as: regulation of genome transcription to fluctuations in temperature, pressure and concentration of metal ions; communication links between individuals of the bacterial population, providing modulation of the expression of protein factors depending on the density of the bacterial focus in the focus of infection. In understanding the essence of the mechanism of «quorum sensing» – the ability to regulate the expression of microorganism genes in response to fluctuations in the density of the cell population, the materials accumulated on the regulation of gene transcription and the expression of their products that change the virulence of the pathogen help to understand.
Keywords
S. uberis, mastitis, molecular diagnostics, PCR, in silico.
