UDC 577.122.2: 615.371
DOI: 10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202309006
Authors
Yuriy S. Ovsyannikov,
Maxim S. Dursenev,
Vyatka State Agrotechnological University, Kirov, Russia
Abstract
The problem of the choice of protein raw materials and the method of its hydrolysis for the creation
of new protein hydrolysates has not yet lost its relevance. The purpose of the work: to study the
peculiarities of obtaining enzymatic and acid hydrolysates of embryonic mass, vaccine production
waste and to conduct a comparative assessment of the effect of the hydrolysis method on the
physico-chemical characteristics, peptide and amino acid composition of the resulting hydrolysates.
To obtain hydrolysates, 12-day-old chicken embryos were used as raw materials, after sucking off
the virus-containing allantois fluid, are waste products of anti-influenza medication. As hydrolyzing
agents, the pancreatic glands of cattle State Standart 11285-93 were used for enzymatic hydrolysis,
and synthetic hydrochloric acid State Standart 857-95 was used for acid hydrolysis. It was found
that the degree of cleavage in all hydrolysates is average. The content of total and amine nitrogen in
the enzyme and initial acid hydrolysates is in the same range, and the values of the same indicators
in the acid deionized hydrolysate are significantly less. This is due to the dilution of the hydrolysate
during deionization and does not affect its quality.
In the studied hydrolysates, the presence of peptides of different molecular weights was noted:
in the enzyme hydrolysate, the content of peptides with a molecular weight of 1000 to 2000
Daltons is almost 2.5 times greater than in the acidic one, the level of free amino acids is also
higher in the enzyme hydrolysate, and peptides with a molecular weight of 500 to 1000 Daltons in
it is 6 times less. The data of the amino acid profile of hydrolysates indicates that the total amount
of amino acids in both hydrolysates does not differ significantly. However, all the essential amino
acids are present in the enzymatic hydrolysate, and there is no proline and tryptophan in the acid
hydrolysate. Thus, the enzymatic and acidic hydrolysis method makes it possible to effectively
break down the protein of the embryonic mass and obtain final products with an average degree
of protein cleavage.
However, the distribution of peptides by fractions and the amino acid composition of hydrolysates
varies from the method of its preparation. This circumstance should be taken into account when
designing nutrient media for a particular microorganism, taking into account its needs.
Keywords
nutrient media, hydrolysate, embryos, proteins, amino acids
