SCREENING OF HYDROCARBON-OXIDIZING MICROORGANISMS FOR BIOREMEDIATION OF SOILS CONTAMINATED WITH OIL AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS

UDC 504.75.06: 619579
doi: 10.36871/vet.san.hyg.ecol.202201014

Authors

Svetlana R. Khabirova,
Eduard A. Shuralev,
Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russian Federation
Ilgiz I. Idiyatov,
Anna M. Tremasova,
Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Federal Center for toxicological, radiation and biological safety», Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russian Federation
Vasily I. Dorozhkin,
All-Russian Research Institute of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences» Moscow, Russian Federation

Abstract

Accidents with oil and petroleum product spills pose a serious threat to environmental safety and human health. To date, measures to eliminate the effects of pollution have mainly been reduced to the use of physical and chemical methods, which are characterized by high cost and many restrictive factors. Microbiological reclamation is a promising approach to solving the problem of cleaning environmental objects from oil pollution. The purpose of this work was to isolate native microflora from the deposits of viscous and ultra-viscous oil to form an association that contributes to the degradation of heavy oil. As a result of screening of hydrocarbon-oxidizing microorganisms, 0,89 highly active isolates were selected from the bottomhole zones of oil wells of the Bashkir tier of deposits of the Republic of Tatarstan. It has been established that they take part in the oxidation and biological degradation of heavy oil with a specific density of 0,91-34 g/cm52. In the experiment with monocultures, the transformation of oil did not exceed XNUMX%, but under the influence of the association, the value of the indicator reached XNUMX%. Under the influence of the association of microorganisms, a significant decrease in the viscosity of oil was noted. The data obtained indicate the prospects for further study of the hydrocarbon-oxidizing ability of the selected microorganisms and the use of this association as the basis of biological products for the elimination of oil and petroleum product spills, rehabilitation of the environment.

Keywords

oil, hydrocarbon-oxidizing microorganisms, identification, physiological and biochemical properties, petroleum products, degradation