Features of the microorganization of the superficial pectoral muscle in chickens of meat and egg areas of productivity

On the basis of histological and micromorphometric studies, general patterns and breed features of the structural organization of the superficial pectoral muscle in meat (Smena-8, Cobb-500) and egg (Hisex white, Andalusian blue) productivity directions are presented. The age of the examined individuals is 29 days. The study evaluated the structural and morphometric parameters of not only muscle fibers, but also the connective tissue component of the muscle under study. It is shown that representatives of meat breeds surpass representatives of egg breeds in terms of muscle fiber thickness and perimisia. At the same time, the indicators of the thickness of the endomysium, bundles of muscle fibers and the area of muscle tissue had similar values in all studied birds. The data obtained indicate the presence of both common morphological traits of muscle tissue, genetically determined and stable regardless of productivity, and variable, which can change under the influence of selection. The research results are important for biology, comparative, species and breed morphology, as well as for veterinary and sanitary examination of chicken meat and in poultry farming to assess the purity of the breed.